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| seats2_title = Cabinet of Lebanon | seats2 = | colours = Black, Red, White | flag = | website = | country = Lebanon }} The Syrian Social Nationalist Party in Lebanon (SSNP) ((アラビア語:الحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي), ''Al-Ḥizb Al-Sūrī Al-Qawmī Al-'Ijtimā'ī'', often referred to in French as ''Parti populaire syrien'' or ''Parti social nationaliste syrien''), is a secular nationalist political party operating in Lebanon, a branch of pan-Syrian Social Nationalist Party. It advocates subsuming Lebanon into a Greater Syrian nation state spanning the Fertile Crescent.〔Irwin, p. 24; (ssnp.com ) "Our Syria has distinct natural boundaries…" (accessed 30 June 2006).〕 Founded in Beirut in 1932 as a national liberation organization hostile to French colonialism, the party played a significant role in Lebanese politics and was involved in attempted coup d'etats in 1949 and 1961 following which it was thoroughly repressed. It was active in the resistance against the Israeli invasion of Lebanon from 1982 to 2000 while continuously supporting the Syrian presence in Lebanon. ==Foundation and early years== The SSNP was founded in Lebanon by Antun Saadeh, a Syrian nationalist philosopher from the town of Dhour el Shweir. He had emigrated to Brazil in 1919 and was involved in both Arabic-language journalism and Syrian nationalist activity. He returned to Lebanon in 1930 where he was a journalist and German teacher in the American University of Beirut. In November 1932, he secretly established the first nucleus of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, which operated underground for the first three years of its existence.〔 In 1933, it started publishing a monthly journal called ''Al-Majalla'' which was distributed in the American University of Beirut. The articles written in that journal and the speeches given by Saadeh consolidated the ideological basis of the party, and contributed to its popularity.〔 Its open hostility to colonialism led to six months in prison for creating a clandestine party in 1936.〔 He was also accused in the trial of having been in contact with the fascist movements of Germany and Italy, but the charge was dropped as a letter was addressed from Germany denying any relationships.〔 It is during his months in prison that Saadeh laid down the final ideological foundations of the party in ''The Genesis of Nations''. Saadeh emigrated again to Brazil in 1938 and afterwards to Argentina, only to return to Lebanon in 1947 following the country's independence from the French in 1943. By that time, the SSNP had grown exponentially and had clashed on many occasions with its primary ideological rival, the Kataeb Party, which was committed to the notion of Lebanon in its French borders. The SSNP rejected this state of Lebanon on the basis that the borders outlining the newly created states were fictitious, resulting from colonialism, and do not reflect any historical and social realities. The party claimed that Greater Syria as defined by Saadeh represents the national ideal encompassing the historical people of Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent, bound together by a clearly defined geography and a common historical, social and cultural development path.〔A. Saadeh. The Genesis of Nations. Translated and Reprinted. Dar Al-Fikr. Beirut, 2004〕 Furthermore, and with the start of the Arab-Israeli conflict in 1948, Saadeh radicalized the party's Anti-Zionist stance by declaring that ''"Our struggle with the enemy is not a struggle for borders but for existence"''. On 4 July 1949, a year after the declaration of the establishment of the state of Israel and the Nakba, and a response to a series of aggressions perpetrated by the Kataeb-backed central government, the SSNP attempted its first revolution. Following a violent crackdown by government forces, Saadeh traveled to Damascus to meet with Husni al-Za'im in an attempt to obtain his support, although he was handed over to Lebanese authorities, and executed on July the 8, 1949.〔Adel beshara (2010). Outright Assassination: The Trial and Execution of Antun Sa'adeh, 1949. Ithaca Press. ISBN 978-0-86372-348-3.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Syrian Social Nationalist Party in Lebanon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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